What they do
When you press the brake pedal, the pads squeeze the rotors (the metal discs behind your wheels) to slow you down. Pads wear down with use, and rotors wear thin or develop uneven spots over time.
Common symptoms
- Squealing when you brake, often from the pad's built-in wear indicator
- Grinding, which usually means metal on metal
- Pulsing in the brake pedal or steering wheel when braking
- Longer stopping distances
- A brake warning light
What to look for
- Pad thickness: look through the wheel spokes at the pad pressed against the rotor. As a general rule, pads should be replaced at about 3 to 4 mm of pad material.
- Rotor surface: deep grooves, a raised lip on the outer edge, or dark or bluish heat spots mean the rotors need attention.
- When it happens: a noise only while braking is the brakes. A noise all the time that changes with speed points more toward a wheel bearing.
Could be something else
A squeal only on the first few stops on a damp morning is often just moisture. Pulling to one side when braking can be a sticking caliper.
Is it safe to drive?
Squealing means schedule brakes soon. Grinding means get them fixed right away. A soft or sinking pedal, a fluid leak or a red brake light can mean a hydraulic problem, so don't drive on it.
Related: Brakes squeaking or grinding? · Sticking brake caliper
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